What we typically think of in academic research: books, journal articles, conference presentations, etc., created by scholars, researchers, and students for each other.
Academic voices can most easily be found using:
Some words imply different meanings or are only used in certain contexts. For example, searches for "prisoner," "incarcerated," and "justice involved" yield wildly different results.
Click on a result with a title that sounds close to what you are looking for and scroll down to the Subjects. These are words or phrases used to describe this resource and will be related to your search terms. You can also look at the Description for more ideas.
Remember whose view is reflected in this voice type. They are usually professors and scholars who use academic or scientific terminology rather than slang or common language. For example, instead of "teens," they may use "young adult" or "adolescent."
If you're having trouble, use Google to find synonyms or look through a Wikipedia article on your topic to see what language is being used to describe it.
To the left of the search results, select the Peer-reviewed Journals search filter to limit results to only peer-reviewed journal articles.
Though there are many types and formats of academic information, we will focus on peer-reviewed journal articles. Peer-reviewed journals are considered the gold standard for academic information and are often required sources for research assignments. This is because these journals publish articles reviewed or refereed by two or more experts in that field of study. If a journal article is peer-reviewed, you can be assured the academic community has confirmed the article investigated a unique topic, applied the appropriate methodology, and cited relevant sources.
Peer-reviewed journals typically include sections of articles that are not peer-reviewed. These are usually book reviews, news within the field, obituaries, or other general announcements. While these may contain helpful information for you to get started on a search, they are not peer-reviewed and usually not accepted as a source for your research project.
These types of articles are identified by their length and lack of references. If it is only a few pages long and doesn't list any sources for where the authors found their information, it is probably not a peer-reviewed article.
TL;DR The journal can be peer-reviewed, but not all articles within it are peer-reviewed.
Shabani, Saumu, et al. “The Prevalence of Occupational Injuries and Associated Risk Factors among Workers in Iron and Steel Industries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” BMC Public Health, vol. 24, no. 1, 2024, pp. 2602–11, doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20111-w.
Shabani, S., Bachwenkizi, J., Mamuya, S. H., & Moen, B. E. (2024). The prevalence of occupational injuries and associated risk factors among workers in iron and steel industries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 2602–2611. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20111-w